Hackett Environmentalist Joins Gore In Global Warming Fight

Last updated Sunday, December 24, 2006 1:57 PM CST in News

By Mary L. Crider
Times Record

    FORT SMITH -- Robert McAfee of Hackett joined forces with Al Gore in the former vice president's initiative to raise awareness about -- and action to slow -- global warming.

    With about 250 other would-be regional messengers for Gore's nonprofit The Climate Project, McAfee attended Gore's Dec. 1 to 3 training session in Nashville, Tenn.

    At the session, McAfee said he learned global warming statistics and what's at stake if it continues unchecked; he was armed with Gore's slide presentation based on his book and film, "An Inconvenient Truth;" and he was taught presentation and recruitment techniques.

    McAfee is not the only Arkansan involved as a The Climate Project messenger.

    Brent Robinson of Fayetteville, the executive director of the Northwest Arkansas Museum Foundation, and former state senator Kevin Smith of Helena were classmates. The McAfee-Robinson- Smith trio has discussed coordinating training sessions, McAfee said.

    They're in good company. Their classmates include conservation district representatives; teachers; public administrators; an Air Force master sergeant; a Glacier National Park ranger; pastors; retired bankers; marketers; Rapid City, S.D., City Attorney Tamara Pier; the founder of the Flying Karamazov Bros. Comedy Theatre Troupe, Howard Patterson of Portland, Ore.; Colliers International Senior Vice President Lea Park of Atlanta; retired naval officer and Boeing manager Scott Palmer of Mission Viejo, Calif.; and high school students.

    According to Gore's literature, The Climate Project is a movement to educate and challenge people and governments into taking action against global warming. The project's first goal is the training of 1,000 lecturers who will hold presentations in their regions. The sessions are being held in Nashville and Sydney, Australia, through January. Those sessions are already filled.

    "And the most remarkable thing is Al Gore did the training himself -- eight hours on Saturday," McAfee said.

    Australia and the United States have not signed the Kyoto Protocol limiting carbon emissions -- a major global-warming culprit. The treaty went into effect in February 2005.

    Gore plans future training sessions in the United Kingdom and India, McAfee said.

    McAfee said each trainee commits to doing 10 training sessions a year, and he hopes to do more. The presentations focus on small steps that individuals can take to help slow global warming -- replacing a single light bulb with a compact fluorescent bulb, for example, reduces the carbon dioxide load added to the atmosphere by about 150 pounds a year, he said.

    According to the Climatic Research Unit at the University of East Anglia and Hadley Center in the United Kingdom, since 1860, average global temperature has increased 0.6 degrees, following a steep climb about 1940 and another steep climb beginning about 1980.

    According to an October report by Sir Nicholas Stern, the former World Bank chief economist, carbon emissions have already caused a half-degree Celsius rise in global temperature. If no action is taken to reduce emissions, there's a 75 percent chance that global temperatures will rise 2 to 3 degrees over the next 50 years and a 50 percent chance they'll rise by 5 degrees Celsius, he said. A 5-degree increase could drop global domestic product output by 10 percent, he said.

    Stern said melting glaciers would increase flood risks; crop yields would fall, especially in Africa; extreme weather patterns would increase, possibly reducing global domestic product by 1 percent; and up to 40 percent of species could face extinction.

    To stabilize global warming, he said, carbon emissions must be stabilized over the next 20 years, then drop up to 3 percent afterward. Stern said an international response is needed to make the necessary reductions.

    The Climate Project message is three-pronged, McAfee said:

    * Global warming is a fact.

    * We caused it.

    * We can fix it.

    "It is a message of hope because so many people think of global warming as doom and gloom," said McAfee, who is no environmental novice.

    Educated in climatology and physical geometry, in the fall of 1995 McAfee spearheaded the founding of the Arkansas Environmental Association at the then-Westark Community College. He resigned this April.

    The group works statewide with teachers, state park officials, business and industry and others to educate about environmental programs. He was awarded the association's first-ever Robert McAfee Environmental Award.

    The science part of it is a natural fit; but, because he'll be communicating to nonscientists, he found the communication skills taught in the seminar especially valuable, McAfee said. He holds a master's degree in climatology from the University of Wisconsin.

    He is climate change messenger for nonprofit, Hackett-based The Peaceable Kingdom and Thinking Like a Mountain Institute. The Peaceable Kingdom promotes safe water worldwide. Its Thinking Like a Mountain Institute advocates conservation and protection of the freshwater ecosystem.

    Asked about opposition to The Climate Project's message, McAfee said it all comes from people involved in groups like the oil, coal and other carbon-based industries.

    Wal-Mart is a big supporter of the program and sent about 20 people to become trainers, he said.

    Except for the 300-slide PowerPoint presentation based on Gore's movie, McAfee and the other volunteers cover their own costs. "It's a labor of love," he said.

    Reader Comments (41 comment(s))


    The following comments are provided by readers and are the sole responsibility of their authors. The Morning News does not review comments before their publication, nor do we guarantee their accuracy. By publishing a comment here you agree to abide by our comment policy. If you see a comment that violates our policy, please notify the web editor.

    John Lewis wrote on Dec 25, 2006 12:27 AM:

    " Interesting how people all of a sudden can predict the future a 100 years in advance. Heck, they can’t even get the weather right for a week. Just another nut story with the ex vice president nut wanting to be in the news. "

    Mark Schaffer wrote on Dec 25, 2006 1:17 AM:

    " John Lewis needs to learn the difference between weather and climate. But I seriously doubt he will. For those interested in what working climate scientists know please see http://www.realclimate.org "

    Relax Ok wrote on Dec 25, 2006 9:01 AM:

    " Relax. Global warming is cultural. It’s not real. It was born United Nations politics and bred in the lazy media and by ambitious glory seeking so-called scientists. Of course the media considers anyone a scientist. The UN says global warming has been effecting weather for over twenty years now but winters are still here according to my home heating fuel bills. Skiing was great last year and I went south to get warm…………………. again. How can CO2 that comes out of my mouth and is required by plant life and Methane that comes out of your anus be considered evil gasses that will make the icecaps melt and the oceans boil? If there is an increase in CO2 from combustion, where is the corresponding shortage of Oxygen? Some day our planet will be once again like the inside of a mall like it used to be and we will all act and think the same. No thanks. "

    Truth is truth wrote on Dec 25, 2006 12:30 PM:

    " Many are comfortable with being uninformed. The information age is passing them by as they go through life on "it has always been this way". Head stuck in the sand, happily being slowly boiled to death as was the frog. Those courageous enough to see the presentation "An inconvenient truth" and intelligent enough to do an easy search on the computer will learn greed,self-serving interest,and the good ole status quo have ushered us into a situation that is too far gone to reverse. The predicted end will come. I just pray I can save a few eternal souls. "

    Dr. J wrote on Dec 25, 2006 12:50 PM:

    " As a 35 year + veteran of science research into this issue, the press does a disservice to the public by publishing these ridiculous and uninformed viewpoints on the theory of anthropenic global warming. The climate cycles we see today have been around for billions of years before man arrived, we have but a small impact on climate and destroying the world economy and reducing millions to lower living standards and poverty will not lower the temps by any fraction of a degree. The people mentioned here are not scientists and are just repeating propaganda from Algore and his highly paid exaggerators, listen to real scientists. These people are just the blind trying to hoodwink the blind, for political gain, disgusting. "

    George Sams wrote on Dec 25, 2006 1:37 PM:

    " It is amazing such fools exist in today's world to go out and waste their time and try to take our money, raise taxes, etc. for a true political hoax like this global warming junk. People, can you really be so stupid as to not see who is behind these lies about humans causing the weather to change? Think tax and spend, think government control of all your lives and all your choices, think removal of freedom and personal independence, think socialism, think politics and the Democrats. "

    HnD wrote on Dec 25, 2006 2:19 PM:

    " Amen to John Lewis, Relax Ok, Dr. J, and George Sams. It is nice to know that there is still intelligent life on this planet. I remember the scares of the 70's, the 80's, the 90's, and now the 2000's. Let the Climate Change do its thing. Let that Evil Ball of Fire keep trying to kill us! We will prevail! And if not...well Earth will still be around. It was around before us and it probably will be around after us. We are just another creature in this little thing of a Universe! "

    Dan Coody wrote on Dec 25, 2006 2:50 PM:

    " Hooray for all those good folks willing to try to show others the problems we are facing. For the first time our environmental impact is attracting the attention of people around the world, even in America. After traveling to Alaska to see the effects of global warming first-hand as the guest of Anchorage's mayor, attending conferences with NASA scientists, climatologists, and business leaders, including Wal-Mart, it is clear we have a problem, and an opportunity. The urgency of this situation has opened the door to technical innovation that will help move us all forward, even those who don't believe climate change is a serious issue. "

    Mary wrote on Dec 25, 2006 3:48 PM:

    " Just as I suspected. The main people being picked for this are people who already have experience in the environment. What about teaching this to LAY PEOPLE? I thought that was what this was about? It seems it is a very exclusive type of selection process, since I haven't read once about anyone being picked that wasn't involved already in an environmental organization, politics, or some other profession that already has a public forum. And of course, they all love getting their names in the paper now. How many will also use this to pump up their own resumes? If this is so urgent a crisis, anyone who applies should be taught instead of having this exclusive selection process that rejects anyone who doesn't have the right connections. Oh, and there are plenty of people out here who support this planet and spread this truth everyday on their own without getting their names in the paper, just so those who got picked for this don't allow it to go to their heads too much. "

    Bobby Cordell wrote on Dec 25, 2006 5:31 PM:

    " Mary, you make an excellent point, these are elitists and want no scientifically educated, or mainstream citizens, or others who might question the motives and tactics used here. I suspect this is being driven by the radical political group, MoveOn.org, who have organized parties for activists and radicals to watch Gore's movie and start small cells to spread the word, as they did with Michael Moore's movie before the 2004 elections. This is all about politics as several have said, and not about the environment, beware. "

    CCWNC wrote on Dec 26, 2006 7:35 AM:

    " Global Warming - he!he!He! The Dolphin free tuna of this generation. The Acid Rain of this generation. The they are cutting down 5,000 acres a minute of forest and at this rate there will be no forest left by 1990 of this generation. But as I hop in my SUV and drive to the airport to take a chartered private plane to my next destination, I say we must stop Global warming. "

    Mark J wrote on Dec 26, 2006 8:28 AM:

    " The GW movement is taking on the guise of a religion, perhaps more like a cult, in modern societies. This is outrageous!! We must get back to the science here and do so quickly before the knuckleheads of the world (politicians and self-promoters like Al Gore) grab out industrial base by the neck and choke us all out of existence. Absolutely, the behavior of the climate is changing--just as it has since the beginning, about 4.5 billion years ago. There's nothing new going here except that there are literate humans present now who look around them and see opportunity to turn natural events into profit for themselves. I, for one (but among many) will NOT fall for this. The Global Warming faction will destroy the main environmental movement with this nonsense. "

    Kevin Smith wrote on Dec 26, 2006 11:29 AM:

    " These posts remind me of the fools who blasted Chrchill as a washed up politician trying to promote his own career as he warned the world about Hitler. You do not hear much about those critics anymore. And you will not hear much from these shameful few either. I just hope it is not too late for the rest of us... "

    Dearest Kevin wrote on Dec 26, 2006 12:36 PM:

    " So then anyone crying chicken little should be listened to as if it is the truth all the time. We are not to question it, just adhere to it immediately. We are not to question the motivation of the person crying the skyisfalling, just know for a fact that everyone and anyone who cries it...is telling the absolute truth. I just hope it is not too late for you... "

    Ananda wrote on Dec 26, 2006 8:38 PM:

    " Is Necessity still the mother of invention and do people perish without a vision from the Father ? The necessity of vision will bring invention before collision. I don't need to watch An Inconvinent Truth or KOYAANISQATSI.I smell it,taste it,hear it,feel it,see it and breath it every day and so do you so lets change our ways so we can continue to play with a vision of environ-mentally friendly ways, (TODAY). "

    I agree Ananda wrote on Dec 26, 2006 8:59 PM:

    " We as a collective whole...can and should continue to try to find better ways to go about our life on this planet. As our technoligy grows so does our opportunity to create more enviro-mentally safe products and means to living. Not to scream OMG, the sky is falling...everyone stop driving your cars and start riding that horse to work...but to go about our lives and strive to make tomorrow better than today. "

    Emma Krosky wrote on Dec 27, 2006 10:18 AM:

    " I find this whole issue stupid and ridiculous. We have all these elite snobs going to training sessions to preach a dogma they have no understanding of, but just political alignment with. What fools, and the fools who listen, actually believe people like Gore and this yahoo, worry and fret and then vote from fear and ignorance are the worst. I certainly hope our country has smarter and better informed people than what it appears from this exaggerated article. Arkansas deserves better intelliegnce than this. "

    to Emma wrote on Dec 27, 2006 3:18 PM:

    " Yes, basically this whole issue is stupid. But the one thing that we can ourselves is continue to evolve more and more in an eco-friendly manner. I remember the 70's where people threw their trash out the window with no care at all. Almost all the state highways were full of litter. The smoke stacks from the industrial areas of the country were killing people around them..etc. BUT we have grown so much as of late and if we continue to think smart and practice living smart, we can shut these Chicken Little'rs up for good. "

    Ananda wrote on Dec 27, 2006 7:46 PM:

    " X Rated times 10 "A recent report from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change -- known as the IPCC -- estimated that during all of the past century worldwide melting ice from global warming had raised sea levels by only two-tenths of a millimeter a year, or about 20 inches for the entire century. But, according to Chen and his Texas team, the melting of Greenland's ice cap is already raising global sea levels by six-tenths of a millimeter each year, and the Colorado group estimates that melting of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet alone is adding up to four-tenths of a millimeter of fresh water to sea levels each year. In other words, the global sea level, due to melting of the ice in Greenland and Antarctica combined, is already rising 10 times faster than the IPPC's tentative estimates, the two analyses indicate. Both the Texas and Colorado groups have been obtaining their data from two satellites known as GRACE, the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment, which fly in orbit 137 miles apart and determine with extraordinary accuracy just how the mass of even small regions of the Earth change as ice melts and flows away from the land to the sea. from http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2006/08/11/MELTING.TMP&type=science "

    Dr. J wrote on Dec 28, 2006 9:10 AM:

    " To Amanda, I think you should read the reports about the most recent IPCC study, due to be released soon. A UK newspaper has leaked the results of the new study, and says this : "The IPCC has been forced to halve its predictions for sea-level rise by 2100, one of the key threats from climate change. It says improved data have reduced the upper estimate from 34 in to 17 in." And they have also reduced the amount of warming caused by humans by 25%, thus even they admit humans are not the primary cause of global warming, there are hundreds of factors involved, only a few are human and other natural causes are bigger, understand? You should continue researching this, but don't stop as soon as you find something that you agree with, scientists are rigorous and thorough, you should be too. "

    Emma Krosky wrote on Dec 28, 2006 11:09 AM:

    " I never said we shouldn't live in a more environmentally friendly and conscious way, we should, we should reccyle, conserve all resources, eliminate waste push for clean air and water, etc. But these people, like Gore and this yahoo are out for political gain, and couldn't care a flip about the environment. They are supported and fronted by liberal left wing groups who want to tax and punish political enemies. See this for what it is, then go do what is right for the world's environment, this kind of cause and tactics are not it. "

    Jimmy Hansen wrote on Dec 28, 2006 12:53 PM:

    " There is a recent study by UK scientists about global warming, and it says this, "The livestock sector is a major player, responsible for 18 percent of greenhouse gas emissions measured in CO2 equivalent. This is a higher share than transport." It seems SUVs are not the biggest bad guys out there changing climate, should we blame all those farmers and ranchers who feed us so well and so cheaply? "

    Ananda wrote on Dec 31, 2006 1:04 PM:

    " Well Dr J we should review all aviable data and be cautious of computer generated models,(junk in,junk out) however these Grace dual satellite studies are not predicting,only saying what is the present case from the past IPCC predictions 2002-2005 by several,"University of Texas scientists at Austin, including Chen, aerospace engineer Byron Tapley and geologist Clark Wilson" (And) "Only last March two University of Colorado physicists used the same satellite system to measure melting of ice on the Antarctic continent. Although earlier evidence using other techniques appeared to show that the East Antarctica ice sheet was actually thickening, satellite data gathered by Isabella Velicogna and John Wahr at Boulder found that melting -- primarily from the West Antarctic Ice Sheet -- had turned at least 36 cubic miles of ice to fresh water each year from 2002 to 2005" I look foward to fresh data. The onset of the Industrical revolution to present show disharmony well beyond the normal range and speed of change.IMO "

    Whitfield Larrabee wrote on Dec 31, 2006 10:39 PM:

    " I am surprised at the venom contained in these posts attacking the evidence of and the messengers concerned with global warming. Denialists seem to committed to appealing to raw emotion and to attack reason and rationality much like people who deny the holocaust or like the president of South Africa who has denied that the HIV virus causes AIDS. I have read hundreds of articles from scientists around the world who all agree that global warming is happening and that it is caused by greenhouse gases. It is hard to believe that all these scientists are conspiring to create a hoax. This shouldn't be a partisan issue. "

    Bobby Cordell wrote on Jan 1, 2007 2:17 PM:

    " I also think, after much reading and analysis and talking to experts, that the scientific case for humans being the primary cause of the recent warm cycle (remember there was a cold cycle from 1945-1975 even as CO2 was rising as it has been for the last few decades)is very weak and circumstantial. People need to be more thinking and read and research critically, to accept what someone like Gore and his politically slanted allies tell you with blind faith is stupid, and you deserve the consequences of such uneducated and dogmatic actions. God gave us a brain to use, you should use it and not be sucked into this unscientific hysteria. "

    Tom Wilkerson wrote on Jan 1, 2007 8:38 PM:

    " Good grief. Posts, more posts, arguments among posters, assertions of idiocy; of obstinance; of...of socialism. It's stunning--or richly amusing, depending on your point of view--what this story has generated from the ideologically extreme members of our community. What next? Climate change is a communist plot? An al-Qaeda conspiracy? Whatever it is, climate change has energized ferocious and unfortunately, largely partisan debate. I'm more concerned about our inability to calmly and rationally discuss an important idea than I am concerned about waking up under water someday. "

    B. Cates wrote on Jan 2, 2007 12:38 PM:

    " As a loyal and proud Arkansas resident, I am a little amazed at how the socialistic and apocalyptic fear mongering of human induced global warming driven by Hollywood drivel, has creeped (or slithered)into our state and it's usually intelligent and pragmatic citizens. Certainly cooler and more rational heads will prevail, or we may turn into another fruits and nuts state pandering to the base fears and ingorance of the scientifically uneducated who want to control our lives and dictate all our choices for their political agenda. Hogwash! "

    John M. Lewis wrote on Jan 3, 2007 3:35 PM:

    " I believe our climate is changing—and not for the better. In all our discussions about climate change, we will be wise to keep in mind the ancient Indian proverb, "We do not inherit the Earth from our ancestors. We borrow it from our children." "

    Cheryl Evezich wrote on Jan 3, 2007 7:06 PM:

    " We have so many other more important and certain problems in the world, HIV, poverty, hunger, clean water, clean air (CO2 is NOT a pollutant that kills anyone), we should prioritize where we spend our precious tax money. I think the Democrats who promote this global warming hoax disaster fear think they can just keep piling taxes on us if they scare us enough, that's just wrong and dishonest. "

    Mary Reese wrote on Jan 4, 2007 1:34 AM:

    " Anyone who now denies that Global Warming is real is in DENIAL. We must do something now to stop it. This IS the most important issue of today. Those of you who choose to ignore it and make your wisecrack comments against it, will soon eat your words - as global warming and its effects accelerate. "

    Steve Henning wrote on Jan 4, 2007 8:24 AM:

    " Maybe it feels warmer to us who are over 40. When I was young, the heat didn't bother me as much. If there is going to be global warming, I say buy a house in Detroit, the prices are really good here. "

    Rebby Demsharski wrote on Jan 4, 2007 9:08 AM:

    " It is so ridiculous to see people so stupid and frightened by nothing. I used to think the educational level and intelligence of people was increasing, but the comments here by all the chicken littles and this group who tries to push junk science on us by training propangandists is sad and disappointing. Wake up people, you are being sold a political bill of goods, there is no disaster being caused by SUVs. "

    TO Mary wrote on Jan 5, 2007 12:58 AM:

    " We are not arguing that the climate is not changing. The climate is changing, it has always been changing and forever will be changing. But because humans have been accustomed to living where and how they want they are lashing out at change. The sun is trying to kill us...do you understand that. Everyday that Evil Ball of Fire that gives us the precious life that we cherish also wants to kill us. Volcanoes erupt and cause climate changes. Trees are removed and planted...each causes climate changes. Yes, humans are a part of the change, but until they can factually explain the true amount that humans contribute to the changing of the Earths climate, most of this is just smoke emitting from humans breaths. Volcanoes contribute greatly to your terms of Global Warming thus we should actively try and cap all volcanic tops and twart all chances that a volcano can erupt. So come on, we are not all as stupid as you and many of your guild try and make us all out to be. Let us have a real discussion about this and agree that we can disagree. "

    Thomas wrote on Jan 5, 2007 3:51 AM:

    " What political position is Gore aiming for anyway? What government office is his goal? NOTHING! That fact is, we in the United States ARE the worst abusers and consumers of the world's fossil fuel. We have allowed the rest of the world to set the stage to change their emission problems. Entire countries are making drastic changes to clean up their acts ( Just look at the efforts being made to Beijing so it can have a cleaner environment by the time the 2008 Olympics starts) Do some research on alternative fuels, view the efforts being made to give you vehicles that use E85..Look up Liquid Coal and Switch-Grass. the big 5 American Auto Makers are converting our vehicles to give us a cleaner today, and if we are lucky, our children’s tomorrow. You want a way right now to reduce your emissions that will practically if not entirely pay for itself ? Write to me at: getyourfrefuel@FreFuel4U.com "

    Taylor wrote on Jan 5, 2007 5:55 PM:

    " Mary and Bobby and those who doubt the diversity of the group. I was a trainee, and I am certainly not part of the environmental establishment -- I'm a 14 year old high school student, and I can attest that the group was incredibly diverse, including everyone from teachers to high schoolers to realtors and businesspeople and simply concerned scientists. "

    Mary Jones wrote on Jan 6, 2007 2:12 PM:

    " So Taylor, as 14 year old do you think you understand the scientific issues and uncertainties behind claims of human induced global warming, or does it matter as long as you believe and trust these people? I would suggest you need to read and spend a few years studying this before you pretend to tell others what to do. "

    Mike Sommer wrote on Jan 9, 2007 12:28 PM:

    " i have to call this a great article global warming is coming and it is going to hurt us and our children. this is a serious problem and people cant open there eyes and realize how bad this really is. i live in long island my self and if global warming keeps happening. people dont understand the concept of how badly. i think that it is great that al gore made "an inconvienant truth" hopefully it opened some peoples eyes because it certainly opened mine and im trying my best to help with global warming and how it will affect millions of people i just have to say al gore is a brilliant man and i hope he opens up more peoples eyes like he did mine and for those eyes he didnt they will see one day when the temperatures are so high that you cant live and maybe than they will finally do something then. "

    Ananda wrote on Jan 10, 2007 11:03 AM:

    " Water freezes at 32o Fahrenheit (F) and boils at 212o F (at sea level, but 186.4° at 14,000) feet entirely independent of political ideologies. "

    Ananda wrote on Jan 10, 2007 11:22 AM:

    " "Some pollution crises in the postwar years were harbingers of things to come. In 1948, a temperature inversion kept a dense smoke cloud of sulfur dioxide and particulate matter close to the ground for six days in the steel mill town of Donora, Pennsylvania. On the fifth day, October 30, seventeen people died, followed by two more deaths twenty-four hours later. Almost 43 percent of the townspeople became ill, with more than 10 percent (1,440) "severely affected." The tragedy at Donora made postwar Americans aware of the health hazards of air pollution. Those dangers were reconfirmed by the "killer smog" that hit London in 1952 (4,000 deaths) and the serious smog attack in New York City in 1953 (200 deaths). Congress enacted the National Air Pollution Control Act in 1955 to generate research on air pollution, but how automobile emissions fit into the story took several years to evaluate and even longer to address. A relatively new source of air contamination, automobile emissions posed different problems than manufacturing discharges such as coal smoke. Before the Industrial Revolution, levels of toxic chemicals in the air were relatively low, but increased fossil-fuel production and use dramatically decreased air quality. The addition of many thousands of cars on the road in the years after World War II intensified the spread of air pollution, added more and newer sources of pollutants, and most immediately threatened many major cities" Read the whole story at http://www.autolife.umd.umich.edu/Environment/E_Overview/E_Overview.htm "

    Ananda wrote on Jan 10, 2007 11:28 AM:

    " For the above copy and paste; Credits I found it very informative ! Automobile in American Life and Society The Automobile and the Environment in American History by Martin V. Melosi "

    poetry wrote on Jan 15, 2007 9:39 AM:

    " i like pizza with pooy on the side "


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